{"id":80179,"date":"2026-10-05T14:26:11","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T21:26:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/periodicorealidades.com\/?p=80179"},"modified":"2026-10-05T14:26:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T21:26:12","slug":"nobel-de-medicina-2026-premia-a-cientificos-que-descubrieron-un-interruptor-molecular-para-las-celulas-nerviosas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/periodicorealidades.com\/index.php\/2026\/10\/05\/nobel-de-medicina-2026-premia-a-cientificos-que-descubrieron-un-interruptor-molecular-para-las-celulas-nerviosas\/","title":{"rendered":"Nobel de Medicina 2026 premia a cient\u00edficos que descubrieron un \u201cinterruptor molecular\u201d para las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El Premio Nobel de Medicina 2026 fue otorgado al cient\u00edfico estadounidense Karl Deisseroth y a los investigadores alemanes Peter Hegemann y Georg Nagel por sus aportes al desarrollo de la <strong>optogen\u00e9tica<\/strong>, una t\u00e9cnica que permite controlar la actividad de las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas mediante la luz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El Comit\u00e9 Nobel reconoci\u00f3 a los tres cient\u00edficos por el <strong>\u201cdescubrimiento de un interruptor molecular para las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas\u201d<\/strong>, un avance que ha permitido estudiar con mayor precisi\u00f3n los circuitos del cerebro relacionados con el aprendizaje, el miedo, las adicciones, los recuerdos y el movimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La investigaci\u00f3n comenz\u00f3 en la d\u00e9cada de 2000, cuando Hegemann y Nagel estudiaban un alga unicelular capaz de desplazarse hacia una fuente de luz. Los cient\u00edficos descubrieron una prote\u00edna llamada <strong>canalrodopsina<\/strong>, que funciona como un canal que se abre al recibir luz azul y permite el paso de iones, generando una se\u00f1al el\u00e9ctrica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Posteriormente, Karl Deisseroth incorpor\u00f3 el gen de esta prote\u00edna en neuronas de ratas. Al iluminarlas con luz azul, logr\u00f3 activar se\u00f1ales nerviosas de manera controlada. En 2007 consigui\u00f3 aplicar este m\u00e9todo en el cerebro de ratones vivos, demostrando el potencial de la optogen\u00e9tica para estudiar el funcionamiento cerebral.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De acuerdo con el Comit\u00e9 Nobel, esta tecnolog\u00eda ha transformado la comprensi\u00f3n del cerebro, pues permite \u201cencender\u201d o \u201capagar\u201d circuitos neuronales espec\u00edficos y analizar su relaci\u00f3n con determinados recuerdos, emociones y comportamientos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adem\u00e1s de su importancia para la investigaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica, la optogen\u00e9tica podr\u00eda contribuir en el futuro al desarrollo de tratamientos para enfermedades neurol\u00f3gicas y sensoriales como el <strong>Parkinson y la epilepsia<\/strong>. Actualmente, investigadores tambi\u00e9n estudian su posible aplicaci\u00f3n para recuperar la visi\u00f3n en personas con discapacidad visual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deisseroth, de 54 a\u00f1os, es profesor de la Universidad de Stanford; Hegemann, de 71, es profesor de neurociencia en la Universidad Humboldt de Berl\u00edn, y Nagel, de 73, es profesor de biof\u00edsica en la Universidad de W\u00fcrzburg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Los tres cient\u00edficos recibir\u00e1n una medalla de oro, un diploma y un premio econ\u00f3mico de <strong>1.2 millones de d\u00f3lares<\/strong> durante la ceremonia oficial que se celebrar\u00e1 en Estocolmo el 10 de diciembre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El Premio Nobel de Medicina 2026 fue otorgado al cient\u00edfico estadounidense Karl Deisseroth y a los investigadores alemanes Peter Hegemann y Georg Nagel por sus aportes al desarrollo de la optogen\u00e9tica, una t\u00e9cnica que permite controlar la actividad de las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas mediante la luz. El Comit\u00e9 Nobel reconoci\u00f3 a los tres cient\u00edficos por el [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":80180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-internacional"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nobel de Medicina 2026 premia a cient\u00edficos que descubrieron un \u201cinterruptor molecular\u201d para las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas - Peri\u00f3dico Realidades<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/periodicorealidades.com\/index.php\/2026\/10\/05\/nobel-de-medicina-2026-premia-a-cientificos-que-descubrieron-un-interruptor-molecular-para-las-celulas-nerviosas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nobel de Medicina 2026 premia a cient\u00edficos que descubrieron un \u201cinterruptor molecular\u201d para las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas - Peri\u00f3dico Realidades\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Premio Nobel de Medicina 2026 fue otorgado al cient\u00edfico estadounidense Karl Deisseroth y a los investigadores alemanes Peter Hegemann y Georg Nagel por sus aportes al desarrollo de la optogen\u00e9tica, una t\u00e9cnica que permite controlar la actividad de las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas mediante la luz. 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